Apparatus for controlling motor-vehicles driven by mixed power.



H. PIEPER.

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOTOR VEHICLES DRIVEN BY MIXED POWER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27, I999.

Patented May 25, 1915.

\I SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. FiEP'rZR.

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOTOR VEHICLES DRiVEN BY MIXED POWER.

APPLICATiON mu) NOV. 21. 1909.

1,140,849. Patented May25,1915.

l1 SHEETSSHEET 2.

H. PIEPER. APPARATUS FOR- CONTROLLING MOTOR VEHLCLES DRIVEN BY MIXEDPOWER. APPLICATION FILED NOV.27'l909.

1,140,849. Patented May 25, 1915.

I I SHE'E,TSSHEET 3.

LQ Fi J v 45" .s 2303' H. PlEPER.

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOTOR VEHICLES DRIVEN BY MIXED POWER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27, 1909 1,140,849. Patent-ed May 25, 1915 HSHEETSSHEET 4.

H. PIEPER.

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOTOR VEHQCLES DRWEN BY MIXED POWER.

APPLICATION HLED rim/27.1909.

1,140,849. Patented May 25, 1915.

H SHEETSSHEET 5.

H. PIEPER. APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOTOR VEHICLES omvsw BY MIXEDPOWER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21,1909. 1,140,849, Patented May 25, 1915.

u sHETs suEn e.

WAN

H. PIEPER. APPARATUS roa ccmouma Mum VEHICLES DRIVEN av MIXED POWER.MFHCAA'IQH HLED NOV 27, 1909. 1,140,849, Patented May 25, 1915.

I l SHEETS-SHEET 7.

H. PIEPER. APPARATUS FOR CONTROLUNG MOTOR VEHICLES DR-IVEN BY MIXEDPOWER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27 I909. 1,140,849. Patented May 25, 1915.

H SHEETS-SHEET 8.

.10. iowarqilkg K1 I v H. FV-LPHL APPARATUS FOR comaoumn MOTOR VEhiCL ESDHWEN BY MIXED POWER.

APPUCATHIN FILED PM 2?! 1301 1,140,849. lntvuimi May 1915.

H SHEETS--SHEET 9.

H. PIEPER.

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING MOTOR VEHICLES DRIVEN BY MIXED POWER.

APPLlCATlON FILED NOV. 27, I909.

Patentd May 25, 1915.

H SHEETS-SHEET 10.

APPARATUS WW COHTHJLU-H aO'; EHMLES DFHVEN BY MIXED POWER.

I! SHEETSSHEET II.

Patented May 25, 1915.

' When bush 1 "i-whgen there is a tail by mixed pwwzx on mils *hiciasdriven their motion from 7 M16 in the motor, which cos. 551119 (L: s12,:32 the vehicle. In the vehicie and :1 a second rick: hev'evsr, namelyfive elec- Wicai mm, the electrical part is the; main point The Austriamotel-s wnstzufiy work nmiers. The elscziric 2111112116 is taken fmm amums which is iudep'endeni; ef the driv'ng Mm-(e152. 211211131 the cm",1'01 05 the speed is e changing the in on the same shaft connected in.p22 121515 Works either a an according to the tract =1 come.

The paof motors perm "y a? HP ailment am the turning men'f the, vehiciemasts W a functmn of the dynamo wfimg and regulafimg means for named p0zi mugh may p1: reiy sies- Eeieiy imm thnse to m: of the and r-agalatmgthere is no em: armature and i.

when N and due battm the (q 11211 30 duued, and. matey alone may arise.

bananas be overcame. the a; Mum {3w that 0? the fr-3n; the 7 men: 131119 Q in order to mam mately Within ha speeiiw Z). Converse Tease itsspeed w an rmn Winn, tiiof'grce of the a? n lium c1 iii? supplied asabove, the bitter rent to the storage better it 4 controller moves overposition "is introduced in the brake coii 5 the brake is gradually remexec ziece 248 passes out of contact "with Y r 1 i cattery i." studs240, 241, 242, and is finally i I 1 i fi pieces EMF-"I the contact piece249 bren through fixed stud 244.

In position E, the current positive pole of storage liettrrr U stud 234,contact piece 55%? Mor X current divides grad 4 Through fixed l 5sistance and than 239 (each in succeseionlfixed stud 243, riutrhnegative pole of lief ter {iil'vfi circuits of the armature, .ii i

distribution gear main ignition device 2&5 u

Since the ciutch energized and" the mod 7 machine and gas motor. to Ucoupled, is transmitted tothe 1i: n As the gas motor slack-2m: onaccount of load the eleuincai i sits the former hyactim; 1 receivingenergy from the so 16. Thus the speed the :L i

to remain constant; position A In position F, the current pass 1g i thetwo con-- positive pole of the siomg e 1 o l fixed stud 2M contact pier36 the current returns hv path:

stud 235, 236 or i55 (ouch i -0rti0n of resistance 5. ti

tiical machine 3 and hook in ii I 1 *r r gguizaior u? storage battery 16through i i i 51 it :9, H m which 40 ,ireuits of the 'nrinnture we evevalve distribution gear ii i The ignition device opersi s as n; v mse oiThe speed of the winch, i: 1mm the weakening of the excitation of tricalmachine by the gradual i resistance in field circuit, 'w

' ()n returning the cont i center as by arrow 57 the 6 :4 gyms erotionis reversed.

60 When the controller is me -1i.

inoperative position in t, viz., that indicated by successively intopositfl resulting respective a m meeting:

lows:

In position (1 the positive pole of the a fixed stud 234 through i andthen divides, passing; thric 0 rate circuits: I. Through fixed contactpiece 247", 2% fix E coil 14 and back to negam batte'i'y 16throughearth. stud 237, field coils of eiec in same direction as prm/ioi3 and means tart pie e. 'li i" "auxiliar v tar.

The zero p sition is rcprcsentcd by \l N hru the coutroilcr s moved inl'igf. i. l so as to ore-nix po it in 1 the tolloningl circults c tzzilishcd. l. From the po tive polo ol haslur; lot ery In to the tixcd :dlti i" 3. contact pic 't l l':1l-1{ coil 1! and l ar-h t.- ucgativc poleof ItUI'Hf"" iltitt tt'l ill through carth. ll. From the pcmthc pole ofthe storage attery 16 to tlXttl stud 2 i Malta-"t pieces 27:2 and T5.

2O liwd :tut ih. ticld coils oi the electrical nrul 3 and hat-l; tonegati e pole of c mttcr ll lll From the positive pole ot a. storagebattery 10 to tixcd studs 23 t l. :oiitact piccc 27; fixed stud (36,main rqlay (nil (it and back to the negative pole of the sic-ra t)hatter)" it; through earth. l\'. From thc positive pole of the storagebattery iii to cd stud 260, contact piecesto negative pole of storagehattr-zry 'h earth. l'. The circuit of the ignilion (tun 3i 2'2 closedthrough tixcdstud Z' i. ("min/t piece 21 tixcd stud 270 and' 3;, rarth.

hr r turn path of current from carth to tlu n: a atiw pole of tinstorage battery i film; it hard stud L contact. piece 2TH -l tud 271. ineach case with retor- 49 in. to l iff.

The phu 1'1*! the relay (ii is thus raised vl ins? rouuuts "H1 LETS and379 to '2).

. mt non lion: in addition from the n :uhol' batter) through resistancescontact to contact, 280 idrs and pa t passes through rclav-a il and itin scrh av to c ntact 278 and the ma n portion pa.- .hrougg'h arniu turcof vlcctriial niachintto contact 273.

The iurriient s" unites at contact 2T and rc tUHithrough uitt itt. :77to thc ncpjatiic p ot the liattv. v 1

The lu-trica! micliinc now starts up as a motor ahtmnatirwllv, the tieldlvciug con- 55 stanily ex ited and the armature cui rcnt of i i Y hahcinc' supplied through au- 'iii will Tl. as al'm c dr vri cd. o *tft tsup and assists the if Lia: (-trical machine. th valve in) munching srcarbeing suitably set by 10- ver is whore described. The brake is ,n l),current passes: From the ol f the storz-ige battery 16 to 1 suit andi581. (each in turn) tixcd stud S it,

the clutch.

through increasin contact piece 274. fixed stud 264, brake coil 14 andback to the negative pole of storage battery 16 through earth. Therespective circuits are thus the same as in position C except that theexcitation of the brake coil is reduced step by step. as abovedescribed. The brake is accordingly released.

In position ll, current passes: Fro'mthe positive pole of the storagebattery 100 5 the fixed stud ilti]. 262, 012263 (each in turn) throughdecreasing: amounts of resistance 3%, contact pieces 27 2%, fixed stud265 clutch coil 7 and back to the negativepole of storage battery It;through earth.

The icspectivc circuits are the sanie'as those for position "1 except.that the ex citation of the clutch coil increased. step.

by step. by supply of current as above described through Contact 55. Thespeed of the gas: motor accordingly falls as the load of the startingvehicle applied throueh but immediately the electrical machine acts as amotor assisting the rotation of the gas motor, until the speed of thevehicle becomes constant and the gas motor drives the electrical machineas a generator as before.

In position F. the maximum speed of the vchiclc. is attained hvweakening the hold of the electrical ma fli ne. the ticld circuit. nowbeinai' as follows. From the positive pole oi the storage batter ill toiixcd contact pier i 723, 275. fixed stud i266, rcsistauce F l, field,coils otulcrtricai machine and hack to the negative pole of the shit-agelt-attcry through earth. All the roan-lining circuits rcniaiu unchangedFor operating the vehicle in the rever e direction. the controller is,moved into posh tions t," l) ltl F operating r l y in place ot relay i.and coils inst .ad of coils 29 to more the valve controlling gear lever23 into the opposite position to its previous one.

Fig. 7 shows an arrangement such as eniplovcil for the vehicle shown inFigs. 1 and i! in which simpler connections are used. ln thisarrangement the coils .3 and 29 are utilized to perform the functions ofthe coils (53 and 34 in Fig. 6. For this purpose the le er 23 on. h stwo contat s it and 181 which close the circuits of tl brushes 182 and153. 184 and 185 when coil 28 is energized that is for forward tra el.and which closc the cir nits of the 'hrushes .186 187 and 18%. W9 whenthe coil 2 is ei'icigized that i.-,: for baclcivard travel. T he lever28 calrirs a further contact 1 which closes the" circuit of t e ignitiondevice 3? amounts of resistance 54,

or means of 260, through contact piece 273, fixed studs 261, 264,contact piece 276, fixed stud 265,

brake coil 14 and back to the ne ative pole of the storage batten-y 16through earth,

- fixed studs 270; 271 and. contact piece 278.

VI; From the positive pole of the storage battery 16 to fixed stud 260through contact piece 273, 277, fixed stud 269, field coils ofelectrical machine and back to the negative pole of thestorage'battery16 through earth, fixed contacts 270 and 271 and contact piece 278. VII.The circuit of the ignition device 22 is closed through contacts 210 andearth. Theelectrical machine starts up gradually as a motor from the:battery 16 and rotates the gas motor, which accordingly starts up, thevalve gear lever 23 being suitably set and the ignition device set inaction as above described. s In position I), the relays 202, 70 and 71remain energized as before and the only altered circuit is :-From thepositive pole of the storage battery 16 to the fixed stud, 260, contactpiece 273, fixed stud 261 to fixed stud 264 or 263 or 262 throughdecreasing amounts of resistance 54, contactpieces 276, fixed stud 265,brake coil 14, back to the negative, pole of thestorage battery throughearth, fixed studs 270, 271, and contact piece 278. i

The electrical machine is now driven as a generator by the gas motor, asbefore, and 1 resistance 54, contact pieces 2 4, 275, fixed stud 266,clutch coil 7 and back to the nega the pole of the storage battery 16through earth, fixed studs 270, 271, and contactpicce 9.78;

The gas motor commences to drive the re hicle, being helped by theelectrical :uachine now acting as a motor. The vehicle increases inspeed and the gas motor once more drives the electrical machine as a generator.

In position F, the speed is further increased by the reduction of theexcitation of the field windings of the electrical machine with aresulting decreasing load on the gas motor, the altered field circuitbeing as lows :Current= passes from the pi pole of the storage battery16 to tlic stud 260. through contact pieces 2'73. 27?,

fixed stud 269 or 268 or 267 (each in succes sion) through increasingamounts of resist- .ance 54, field coils of electrical machine and backto the negative pole of the storage but tery through earth, fixed studs270,271 and contact piece For operating the vehicle in the oppositedirection the contacts G D E and F are employed, relay 201then beingoperated in a similar manner as above.

Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate the caseof a vehicle provided with twomotorpgroups either for producing more power, or for providing a greatergraduation of speed, be-

cause the variation of the speed of the elec relay" 202, described Mtrical machine may be effected by combining the variation of theexcitation with the Well known series parallel connection ofthe-armatures. and 81 are the. gas motors coupled to the electricalmachine 82 and 83. The magnetic clutches 84 and 85 mounted on the endsof the common shafts carry with them, the disks 86 and 87 that areconnected to the road Wheel axles'by means of chains 90 and 91. Thefixed magnet iron pieces 92 and 93 form' with the disks 86 and 87 ifbrake as before. The two gas motors'have respectively igni ion devices91 and 95 and reversing levers 96 and 97, all the same as before. Thetwo points of control have -respective' identical regulators 100and'lOl, the steps of which are combined symlnetrirally with each other.

The various phases of the manipulations.

are indicated by the arrows and angles in Fi 11.

n moving the controller in the direction of the arrow 102, then:-In'position G, cur rent passes from the positive pole of-thef storagebattery 103. v 105, through contact piece, 272, fixed stud 104, relaycoil 1.05 and back to the negative pole of the storage battery. 103,through earth. II. To the fixed stud .105,

ice

(1) To the fixed studthrough contact pieces 272, 277,fixed 'stud 269,field coils of the two electrical machines in parallel and back to thenegative pole of;

the storage battery 103 through earth. III. To the fixed stud 105,through contact pieces 272, 2-77, fixed stud, .108, coils 109, of thetwo electrical machines.

The relay 10-7 now picks up and, then IV. Current passes fromthe-positive pole of the storage battery 103, through contacts thss-a.Ltbove uxeopt than-Current positive pole of the storage battery -35 tothe fixed stud 105, contact .1 and instead of passing through 'u 11 1and coil of relay 105 to earth, L passes through contact piece relay 119and back to the the storage battery 103 he reiay 105 drops; and 119rrent 110w passing '1. From 1e 01? the storage '2; tery 103, stud 105,contact was 272 V 269. and back mge battery tvv'o kact The tam 1 m1 atudnaitgry ammture E relay mils 1 @1315.

storage batve pole of the acts 209 (now Contact of relay machine 83 andE mmediateiy short- 116 and 117)., conn mtive pole; of the nrdge batteryan 31011, by then respastwe also prupsl" the 0y reducing the ex- "woelectrical n achines, pass m the per fi e i=3? t0 the fixed stud pole ofthe thmugh the two field -1 am earth. ()n return neutral pnsition theperformed in therethe vehicle in the opposite I 111 the above case, thepositions G H ,'J K L R are used, the re lays 115 and 120' being thenoperated'for the reverse connections of the arinatures of the twoelectrical machines with the storage batterv.

Fig. 12 shows an application of the arrangement to the relays of Fig. 9,for the case where a plurality of vehicles, each having its own mixedpower group running on the same line of rails are formed into a trainwhich can becontrolled from any desired point.

F or the sake of simplicity two vehicles 130 and 131 are selected fordescription having a motor groiip,.that is the gas motors 133 and 134are coupled respectively to electrical machines 136, 137-and drive thewheels by means of clutches 30, 140. The brakes 142 and 143 are arrangedsymmetrically to the clutches. Each vehicle carries its storage battery145, 146 two regulators 148, 149 and 150, 151 and five leads extendingacross from one end to the other of the vehicle, the returnbeingconstituted by the body of the vehicle and the rail. These fiveleads extend from each vehicle to the other and terminate as follows:(1) In the main relays for forward travel 152 and 153, (2) in the main.

relays .154 and 155 for backward travel, (3) 'in the field excitingcoils 156and 157 of the electrical machines, (4) in the clutches 139 and1-40, (5) in the brakes 142 and 143.

The train can be controlled from any desired point provided that thelevers at the other points are on their dead centers.-

' In the case where a train .is composed of a" plurality. of highpowered motor vehicles, it might happen that. the exciting currents ofthe several electrical machinesevould be considerable. In existingarrangements the 'ex-- citing coils of the several machines are branched011' in parallel, andall of them are fed through the battery of thevehicle at the head of the-train. where the manipulations are performed.'1

ilin order to prevent the battery at'tlie 'p eint'of control having tovsupply excessive currents, the excitation of each electrical u'iachinemay beefi'ected by means of its storage battery on the respectivevehicle.

4 The regulation of the exciting currents is these vehicles.

effected however. by means of relays or auxiliary motors 'WlllCllactsimultaneously and synchronously upon the vehicles. An arraiigen'ient of this kind is illustrated in Fig.

l l'which shows two vehicles, Fig. 14 showing the. diagram ofconnections for onset "The necessarypperations and the various circuitsresulting therefrom, are as follows;

The controller 207i; moved so as to occupy 'iosition 2G, and ciirrentthen passes from the positivepole ofthe storage battery 16 I. Tofixed;stud 2l1,,'.through contact ieces 273,216, fixedstudfiirelay coil'20..and

back to the negative pole of the storage battery 16 through earth, fixedstuds 270 and 271 and contact piece 278. The relay 202 now picks up itsarmature. H. To fixed stud 211, contact piece 273, fixed stud 261 tofixed stud 265, through contact pie e 276, fixed stud 265, brake coil 14and back to the ncgativepole of the storage battery 16 through earth.111, To fixed stud 211, through contact pieces 273, 277, fixed stud 215and relay coil 220, and back tothe negative pole of the storage battery16 through earth, fixed studs 270 and 271 and contactpiece 278. Therelay 220 now picks up its armature, thus bridging contacts 214. IV;

Through series resistances 281, 282, contacts 206, through the armatureof the electrical machine, contacts 205 and back to the negative pole ofthe storage battery 16. V Through series resistances 281, 282, contacts206, through both relay coils 70 and 71 in series, contacts 205 and backto the negative pole of the storage battery 16.. The relays- 70 and 71now-pick up and shortcircuit the resistances 281 and 282. VI. Throughthe now short-circuited resistances 281 and282, contacts 209, coils 29'and back to the negative pole of the storage battery 16 through earth,fixed studs 270, 271, and'coiit-act piece 278. VII. Through bridgedcontacts 214, scries'resistances 224, 225, field coils of the electricalmachine and direct to the negative pole of the storagebattery 16. Thecircuit of the ignition device 22, is closed through contacts 210 andearth.

The electrical machine now starts grad ually as. a motor and rotates thegas motor, which accordingly starts up,'the valve lever 23-beingsuitably set, and'the ignition device being set inittction. runs theelectrical machine as a generator.

The gas motor then contact piece 276, fixed stud 265, brake coil 14, andback to the negative pole of the storage batterythrough earth, fixedstuds 270, 271, and contact piece 278. III, To fixed stud 211, throughcontact pieces 273, 277, fixed stud 215, relay coil 220 andback to thenegative pole of the storage battery 16 through earth, fixed studs270,271 and contact piece 278. IV. Through contacts of re- I lays 71 70,--(bridging the resistances 281, 282) contacts 209, coils 29 and back tothe ne ativefpole. of the storage' battery 16 through earth, fixed studs270, 271, and con- VI. Through contacts of relay 71, 70 (bridg- 'ing theresistances 281, 282) through contacts 2013, relay coils 70 and 71 inseries, con- ,tacts 205 and back to the negative pole of the storagebattery 16. VII. Through bridged contacts 21-1, series resistances 22-1,225, field coils of the electrical machine and direct to the negatiu:pole of the storage battery 16. The circuit of the ignition device 22 isclosed through contacts 210 and earth, as before.

The gas motor is now driving the electrical machine as a generator, asbefore. The brakes are gradually removed by the reduction in theexcitation of the brake coil 14 as above described.

The controller is now moved to occupy position I l and current passesfrom the positive pole of the storage battery 16:-I. To fixed stud 211,through contact pieces 273, 216, fixed stud 65, relay coil 202 and backto the negative pole of the stora battery 16 through earth, fixed studs270, i 'l, and contact piece 278. through contact pier. 273 fixed stud261, decreasing por ens of resistance 5 and fixed studs 82, i or 26%(each in succession), contact pieces 2 4i, 275, fixed stud 266, clutchcoil 7 and back to the negative pole of the storage battery 16 throughearth, fixed studs 270, 271, and contact piece 278. III. To fixed stud211, through contact pieces 273, 277, fixed stud 215, relay coil 220 andback to the negative pole of the storage battery 16 through earth, fixedstuds 270, 271, and contact piece 278. IV. Through contacts of relays 71and 70, (bridging the resistances 281 and 282), cont-acts 209, coils 29and back to the negative pole of the stor-' age battery 16 throughearth, fixed studs 270 and 271 and contact piece 278. V. Throughcontacts of relays 71 and 70 (bridging the resistances 281. 282),through contacts 206, armature of the electrical machine, contacts 205and back to the negative pole of the storage battery 16. VI. Throughcontacts of relays '71. 70 (bridging the resistances 281, 282) throughcontact 206, re lay coils 70 and 71, in series, cor :cts 205' and backto the negative pole of the storage battery 16. VII. Through bridgedcontacts 214, series resistances 224, 225, field coils of the electricalmachine and direct to the negative pole of the storage battery 16.

The circuit of the ignition device 22. is, as before, closed throughcontacts 210 and earth. The gas motor accelerates the vehicle beinghelped by the electrical machine acting as a motor. The clutch is fullyap- II. '10 fixed stud 211,

plied and the vehicle settles down to a steady speed and the electricalmachine once more acts as a generator supplying current to the storagebattery 1.6.

The speed is further increaseu to a maximum by the rrnluetion of thefield excitation of the electrical machine thus: The control ler isplaced in position F and all the above circuits remain unaltered exceptthat of the field coils of the electrical machine. The current passesfrom the positive pole of the storage battery to the fixed stud 211,through contact pieces 273, 277, and back to the negative pole of thestorage battery through field coils of the electrical machine by firstone, then two, and then three parallel paths, viz:(i) Fixed stud 215,relay coil 220. (ii) Fixed Solid-215 relay coil 220; and, fixed stud218, relay coil 222. (iii) Fixed stud 215, relay coil 220; and fixedstud 218, relay coil 222; and fixed stud 219, relay coil The effect ofthis is the progressive insertion of resistance in the field circuitwith. the result that the field excitation of the electrical machine isreduced and speed of the vehicle raised. The foregoing descriptionrefers only to vehicles each with a single set or group of motors.

The present improvements are .also applicable to vehicles one or morecontain a plurality of such motor groups. This application is carriedout in an analogous manner to that shown in Figs 10 and 11. The Workingis always effected by means of the relays, and the currentcrcquired fortheir manipulation is supplied electrical current during normal Working,

whereas in the caseof purely electrical ve-- hides the electricalcurrent is the sole driv ing medium. Further in mixed working theelectrical machine serves only to regulate the hicles. or thetransmission ol the electrical driring power, nor any exchange of canrent from one vehicle to another. In no case is there anyelectricalpower connection such as that represented by the trolley or. the

third rail in the case of purely electrical vehicles.

Each vehicle \I OIlIS independently and separately of the others; theauxiliary'cir-

